RE: Captcha - What code are you referring to?
Everything in the Form secion of the CF7 interface. Should look something like this:
<p>Your Name (required)<br />
[text* your-name] </p>
<p>Your Email (required)<br />
[email* your-email] </p>
<p>Subject<br />
[text your-subject] </p>
<p>Your Message<br />
[textarea your-message] </p>
<p>[submit "Send"]</p>
RE: Email
Setting up a working Mail Server on your localhost is a techncially complex task and may be way beyond you current skill level. It's a task that many highly skilled WordPress Designer/Developers would likely avoid.
If you don't have a separate development site where you can test things (something most skilled WordPress Designer/Developers would have) you could as you suggest create the live site and put it in maintenance mode while testing.